Case Study on Fault Tree Analysis

The Fault tree analysis is an analysis of deductive failure through which a system which is undesired is analyzed through the Boolean logic by combining a series of lower-level events. The analysis method of such is being used in the fields of protection engineering and dependability engineering for understanding the ways through which a system can fail, identifying and recognizing the best probable ways for reducing risks (Dunscombe, 2015). The FTA is generally being used in nuclear power, pharmaceutical and aerospace and industries which are generally hazardous. It is a process through which a skill is being broken into smaller steps for teaching a skill. As the small steps gets mastered, the learner becomes more self-governing in her ability for performing the larger skill The Fault Tree Analysis as depicted in the article is easy to understand. This method can also be defined as a backward method which can be used in thinking about the consequences which may take place (Jonas et al ., 2016). It has been a useful method and has been used over the years in industries which are having social and environmental problems and estimation of frequency failure (Doytchev & Szwillus, 2009). This method has the capability of handling the multiple failures or even the combination of failures. FTA has the ability to accommodate human error in analysis as compared to FMECA. FMECA will only take into account the components possible failure without taking into account the external environment playing a vital role in risk analysis. However, human error can be very random, which is not possible to predict and nearly impossible to in assigning a concrete value of such an error. FTA has the ability to calculate Mean Time to failures or Mean Time between failures. Information of such can be found as failure rates for basic events. Moreover task analysis has been beneficial in breaking down complex task structures and offering credentials for the mental and physical demands of the employees. The nature of data which has a bit of uncertainty can only be attained through conditions that are experimented strongly. Moreover, FTA is not concerned about the effect of failure and only aims to focus on events that could ease the failure. Moreover, FTA is often seen as a cover for human error but gets forgotten amidst the analysis. Activities involving human contribution of an operation should be considered as a treat that has the capability of triggering failure (Kabir et al., 2016). It can take into account the things that can trigger a failure but not the failure effect. Moreover, with task analysis it can only be conducted after the completion of fault tree analysis. Complication only gets increased in case of task analysis with the increase in the number of respondents and data that is being collected. A study of determining the failure of occurrence through FTA in the crushing and mixing of bed hall department at the province of Iran. The analyst assumed ‘failure in factory’ as the main event. There were 6 branches comprising of crushing, mine, raw mill, cement mill and burning and packing house departments. The focus is only on the crushing n admixing bed hall department. A fault tree analysis depicts that the crushing and mid mixing bed hall department is being divided into crusher system and mixing ball system and conveyor belt system. Several sub systems have also being identified. All this sub systems are connected to top event with gate logics 1, 2 and 3. And in the last stage the basic events are being taken into account by codifying circle symbols at last levels. Fig1. Fault Tree Analysis of crushing and mid mixing bed hall department Dunscombe, P. (2015). TU-AB-BRD-03: Fault tree analysis.  Medical Physics,  42(6), 3585 Jonas, J. A., Devon, E. P., Ronan, J. C., Ng, S. C., Owusu-McKenzie, J. Y., Strausbaugh, J. T., . . . Hart, J. K. (2016). Determining preventability of pediatric readmissions using fault tree analysis: Readmission analysis using fault tree.  Journal of Hospital Medicine,  11(5), 329-335. doi:10.1002/jhm.2555 Kabir, S., Walker, M., Papadopoulos, Y., Rà ¼de, E., & Securius, P. (2016). Fuzzy temporal fault tree analysis of dynamic systems.  International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,  77, 20-37. doi:10.1016/j.ijar.2016.05.006 Doytchev, D. E., & Szwillus, G. (2009). Combining task analysis and fault tree analysis for accident and incident analysis: A case study from bulgaria.  Accident Analysis and Prevention,  41(6), 1172-1179. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2008.07.014

Super sleuth supermarket observation study Essay

Super sleuth supermarket observation study - Essay Example Tesco possess a wide portfolio of its store which includes: Tesco super store, Tesco Store, Tesco extra, Tesco metro. All this stores provides good service and excellent value to its customers. The difficulties that Tesco faced previously were due to low price inflation for food, less growth in population, difficulty in getting permission for setting the supermarket, saturated market and also competition. But today Tesco is considered as an example and treated as a model for supermarket across the world. According to the survey conducted on a weekend in Tesco store it was found that people of all age visit Tesco. But customer in the age band 20-45 years is found more as compared to customer falling in other age band. Both male and female customer was found on the store but as compared to male, female customers was more in number. Jaguar and Rover was found more in number in the parking space of the store. They mainly preferred casual. The store was crowded as it was a weekend therefore the store was more crowded as compared to other weekdays. The research was conducted in the evening which is the peak time in the weekend. The customers were checking the items of the list. The impulse item of Tesco was confectionary. More than 50 % of the crowd of the store was found at the confectionary division of the store. (RÃ ¼ther 32) While conducting a market survey it was revealed that a customer purchased Tesco extra large code fillets batter. The customer was so happy and overwhelmed when she came home and opens the pack. She was so excited and satisfied that she recommended to her friends relatives and other family members. In another case it was found that a customer who took his daughter for a lunch at Tesco and ordered for sandwich which they prefer to have whenever they come to Tesco. But when the sandwich was served it was found that the quality has degraded and the ingredient that was stuffed inside the sandwich was of low quality. But with

Demand and Supply Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Demand and Supply - Essay Example People specialize in the production of goods and services -- or more existentially, as dictated by their environment, heredity, and/or fate in order to alleviate human suffering [their own existence included]. In the process of pursuit of own self-interests to satisfy needs and wants, individuals succumb to the unintended, invisible market forces that compel others to react by supplying necessities to make life even better in an engagement that leaves interactive parties better off as oppose to having excesses of what one produces in abundance, thus the very essence of efficient allocation of resources in the society studied in microeconomics (Stead and Stead, 2009, p.42). Economists are in agreement that prices and quantities are descriptively the most observable attributes of individual interests that interact within a market structure to facilitate mutually beneficial exchanges as envisaged by Adam Smith (Friedman, 2009, p.145). Thus, for the exchange of interests (expressed in terms of goods and services) to occur, demand and supply has to exist, but at some costs. From the field of academia to industrial circles, the basic premises of supply and demand are integrated into the daily actions of the society. To be sure, the theoretical mastery of economics depends much on the understanding of the theory of demand and supply (Gandolfi, Gandolfi, and Barash, 2002, pp. 5-6). The theory of demand and supply is, therefore, an organization principle that coordinates the production of goods and services (in quantities, often referred to as output) to satisfy societal needs through the market/price mechanism. Intuitively, the price mechanism moderates the e xchanges to the point where goods and services delivered by suppliers (supply side) and paid for by the consumers (demand side) always tends towards a state balance with reference to the compensation packages received by either side. The dynamics of demand and supply applies best to a theoretically free market